By Connie Chow, Founder at DailyCaring
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Simple home test detects early signs of dementia
If you suspect that your older adult is having problems with memory, thinking, or judgement, you may want them to take the SAGE test for dementia.
This at-home pen-and-paper test is free, takes just 15 minutes, and accurately identifies early symptoms of Alzheimer’s disease or dementia.
And if the stress and exhaustion of caregiving are making you feel like your brain isn’t working anymore, this quick test can reassure you that there’s no problem with your cognitive function.
We explain how the test works, how to take it at home, and why it’s necessary to discuss results with a doctor. We also share 12 dementia care tips that caregivers wish they’d known sooner.
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How the SAGE test for dementia works
SAGE stands for Self-Administered Gerocognitive Examination and was developed by researchers at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center.
The SAGE test has 12 questions that cover all aspects of cognition, including memory, problem solving, and language.
There are 4 different versions of the test. They’re similar enough, but having multiple versions means that someone could take the test once a year and wouldn’t improve their score each year just from the “practice” of taking it before.
This way, the test is slightly different each time.
Take the SAGE test at home
Anyone can take the SAGE test anytime. It’s free and you can get it here on the Ohio State University website.
Click the “Download the Test” button, agree to the terms, and choose one of the 4 test versions in your older adult’s primary language to download (or save all 4 versions to your computer for future use).
Print the test and take it with a pen or pencil. There’s no time limit, but most people finish in about 15 minutes.
Sample questions from the test:
How many nickels are in 60 cents?
You are buying $13.45 of groceries. How much change would you receive back from a $20 bill?
Write down the names of 12 different animals.
Draw a large face of a clock and place in the numbers. Position the hands for 10 minutes after 11 o’clock. On your clock, label “L” for the long hand and “S” for the short hand.
Discuss test results with a doctor
Don’t assume that the test results are equal to a diagnosis of any kind.
The SAGE test is a screening tool that helps doctors detect early signs of cognitive impairment that are typically not noticeable during a normal office visit.
When the test is repeated over time, doctors can watch for changes in cognitive ability. Being able to measure changes helps them detect and treat health conditions early.
That’s why it’s important to bring the completed test to the doctor to have it reviewed. If there are signs of cognitive impairment, they may recommend further testing.
Why would anyone want an early Alzheimer’s diagnosis?
The SAGE test is useful because it helps you understand if your concerns are something to be worried about.
If the results seem to indicate that there could be a problem, you might think there’s no point in talking with the doctor because there’s no cure for dementia.
But an early Alzheimer’s or dementia diagnosis has significant benefits.
The most important is that a treatable condition could be the cause of cognitive impairment. Finding out sooner means getting treatment ASAP to eliminate the cognitive symptoms.
If the cognitive impairment is caused by Alzheimer’s or dementia, a major benefit is that starting treatment early is far more effective in managing symptoms and delaying progression of the disease.
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12 dementia care tips from experienced caregivers
Caring for someone with dementia isn’t intuitive and doesn’t come naturally. There’s a lot to learn, but you don’t have to figure everything out the hard way.
In a helpful article at Verywell, social worker Esther Heerema shares 12 dementia care tips that caregivers have learned and wished they’d known sooner.
This advice isn’t meant to add pressure or expectations to your already tough job.
They’re tips from caregivers who have “been there and done that” that can lighten your load, reduce stress, and help you cope with the challenges.
Here, we share highlights from Esther’s article along with some of our own insights.
1. It’s not worth it to argue with someone who has dementia Alzheimer’s and dementia causes your older adult’s brain to malfunction.
When they say things that don’t make sense or are clearly untrue, they believe what they’re saying because it’s what their brain is telling them.
It’s frustrating to hear things that aren’t true and instinctive to try to correct or remind. But that will only lead to both of you arguing or getting upset.
And you simply can’t win an argument with someone who can no longer use reason or logic consistently.
2. Ignoring symptoms won’t make them go away When you notice your older adult struggling with memory, thinking, or judgement, it’s scary to think that they might have dementia.
Because it can be so hard to accept, many people hope that the symptoms will go away on their own or that they’re mistaken.
But the situation isn’t going to fix itself.
The best thing to do is have them see their doctor for a thorough exam. First, there are many treatable health conditions that cause dementia-like symptoms.
Second, even if dementia has no cure, early diagnosis means that treatments will be more effective and could delay progression, reduce symptoms, and improve quality of life.
3. Too many medications can make people feel and act more confused Medications prescribed to relieve symptoms can sometimes make dementia symptoms worse or create new problems, like increasing disorientation or agitation.
This can happen because seniors are at higher risk for problems related to medication side effects or drug interactions. Dementia can also change how certain medications affect the brain.
To reduce medication-related problems, call the doctor if you suspect that a new medication is causing a problem and ask them to find alternatives that could work better.
It’s also essential to have the doctor regularly review all medications and supplements to make sure every single one is still needed.
4. Use validation therapy or therapeutic fibs to respond kindly Dementia care experts recommend joining your older adult in their reality rather than trying to force them back into ours.
Trying to get them to understand facts or our reality usually causes confusion, anxiety, fear, and anger.
Someone with dementia may insist that they’re children waiting for their mother to pick them up, they need to get to the office even though they’re retired, or they’re going to visit a relative who passed away long ago.
Instead of telling them that they’re wrong, use validation therapy or therapeutic fibs to kindly respond to their version of reality.
Gently ask an open-ended question about the person they’re going to see or activity they want to do. Or join their reality by saying OK, going along with the scenario for a while, then redirecting to a different activity.
Validating their reality and allowing them to express their thoughts helps them feel calmer and happier.
5. It’s never too late improve brain health After finding out that your older adult has dementia, it might seem like improving brain health would be useless.
But healthy habits can truly help a brain with dementia. It’s possible to slow the progression of the disease, reduce symptoms, and improve quality of life.
Getting regular physical exercise, doing things that are mentally stimulating, and participating in engaging activities all help to improve brain health.
6. Share your challenges and get help Caregiving, especially dementia care, can be a lonely and exhausting job. Instead of doing everything alone, talk about your challenges and reach out to people who can help.
It can be difficult to seek out or accept help, but caregivers who have gotten help often wish they’d done it sooner – it’s worth a try.
Knowing that you’re not the only one going through this or getting a few hours of rest can make a big difference.
That could mean asking family or friends to step up, hiring in-home care, moving to a care community, using respite care, or joining a caregiver support group.
If you’re not sure where to start, call the Alzheimer’s Association or contact your local Area Agency on Aging to connect with local caregiving resources.
7. Choose one small thing to do for yourself When caring for someone, it’s instinctive to focus 100% on them…until you get burned out. But that’s not good for you or your older adult.
It’s not realistic to take long vacations or hours for yourself each day, but you’d be surprised at how effective short breaks can be.
Doing something for yourself, whether it’s 30 seconds, 5 minutes, or an hour will help you recharge and reduce the risk of burnout.
Get 10 practical ideas for short breaks here.
8. Choose your priorities and let the rest go Because you care so much about your older adult, you want to do as much as you can, as perfectly as you can.
But holding yourself to those unrealistic expectations causes frustration, resentment, and exhaustion.
Instead, save your mental and physical health by picking your battles.
Choose the top priorities and let the less important things go. Think about how important that thing will be in a week, month, or year.
9. Have the tough conversations about medical decisions and choices Taking care of important legal documents like a will, living will, or power of attorney is something that many people want to put off.
But talking about end of life choices and getting the paperwork done before a health emergency saves you from making hard choices or running into legal problems in the middle of a crisis.
Plus, many older adults have greater peace of mind when they know their wishes will be honored.
10. Remember that they truly can’t control their behavior Dementia can’t be seen from the outside, so many people assume that the person can actually control their difficult or irritating behavior. It’s natural to think their actions are personally directed toward you.
That’s not true. Dementia physically damages the brain, which can affect personality, behavior, decision-making, and judgment.
Knowing that it’s the disease talking can help you take things less personally, reduce the sting of hurtful accusations, or help you stay calm when they’ve asked you the same question for the 37th time.
11. 20 minutes later can feel like a whole new day If you’re helping your older adult with an activity of daily living and they get agitated or combative, it can help to stop and take a short break.
Rather than fighting through and making the situation worse, stepping away to give them (and you) time to calm down can make a big difference.
Make sure they’re safe on their own and go to another room for 20 minutes. When you come back and approach calmly, they’ll often be more cooperative.
For example, if mom starts yelling and pushing you when you announce that it’s time for a shower, give her some space and come back to it in a little while, perhaps using a different approach.
This won’t always work, but it often does so it’s worth a try.
12. Quality of life is still possible It isn’t easy to cope with dementia, both for you and your older adult. But finding ways to enjoy life and having good quality of life is still possible.
You don’t have to pretend that the challenges and pain don’t exist. Try to focus on the positives, no matter how small, and adapt activities for the abilities they still have.
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Author: Connie Chow, founder at DailyCaring, was a hands-on caregiver for her grandmother for 20 years – until grandma was 101 years old! Connie has an MBA from the University of Southern California and has been featured on major news outlets, including WJCL22 Savannah (ABC), KRON4 San Francisco, NBC10 Philadelphia, 23ABC Bakersfield, KAGS Texas (NBC), and KVAL13 Oregon (CBS). She has spoken at Institute on Aging, written for Sixty and Me, and been quoted in top publications, including U.S. News & World Report, HuffPost, and Society of Senior Advisors.
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